Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging can reveal a lot about the condition of a patient’s insides. Like an x-ray or a radiology CT scan, doctors can get a better glimpse inside the body, without cutting their patients open. However, unlike other radiology services, the MRI can show more than just bones; ligaments, tendons, tissues, unusual growths and muscles can all be assessed using this special diagnostic technique. It’s amazing to think that such detailed images can be created by a magnetic field that aligns hydrogen atoms’ protons, by radio waves that spin these protons and by a computer that crafts an image of the results.
Radiologists use the MRI technique in diagnosing and determining treatment for medical problems. Neurosurgeons use an MRI scan to evaluate brain, neck and spinal cord injury following an accident. They can find crushed discs or vertebrae and they can look for internal bleeding, swelling, rips or aneurysms. Cardiologists use the MRI to look at the heart and aorta, not to mention clogging and perforations. Diseases, tumors, unusual growths and damaged soft tissue are all evident with an MRI of the brain and body.
There are no proven side effects of a magnetic resonance imaging scan; however, not all patients are able to have an MRI done. For instance, people with metallic chips, surgical clips, insulin pumps, chemotherapy, artificial joints, bullet fragments, metallic bone plates, prosthetics or pacemakers cannot receive the test because the images will come out distorted and the metal may move around. During the scan, the patient will lie very still inside a magnetic tube as their bodies are scanned. A mild sedative is sometimes administered to reduce the claustrophobia anxiety that may ensue from being strapped down in such an enclosed space. If the patient begins to panic, a button may be pressed to alert nearby staff. Generally speaking, though, the procedure is not a big deal for most patients.
In addition to helping diagnose many people, magnetic resonance imaging has also been a great help in showing medicine administration professionals how the brain works. Most recently, they used an MRI of the brain to show the effectiveness of stem cell migration in treating brain damage. “By monitoring the motion of these cells, you get information about how viable they are, and how they can benefit the tissue. We have been able to prove that these stem cells travel within the brain, and only travel where they are needed. They read the chemical signalling of the tissue, which indicate areas of stress. And then they go and try to repair the situation,”explains Dr. Yoram Cohen of Tel Aviv University, who ran the study. In the future, many more applications of MRI technology may be revealed.
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